China ƒe Valve Dɔwɔƒe ƒe Ŋgɔyiyi Ŋutinya (1) .

Kpɔɖeŋu bliboa

Valve si wotsɔna ƒoa ʋunye nu vevi aɖe si wowɔna le mɔ̃ siwo wozãna le mɔ gbadza nu me. Wodenɛ pɔmpi alo mɔ̃ vovovowo dzi be woatsɔ akpɔ medium ƒe sisi dzi to mɔ̃a ƒe akpa si le ʋuƒoa me tɔtrɔ me. Eƒe dɔwɔwɔwoe nye: doa ka alo atso nusi wotsɔ wɔa nu la, axe mɔ na nusi wotsɔ wɔa nu la be wòagatrɔ ayi megbe o, atrɔ asi le nɔnɔmeawo ŋu abe titina ƒe nyaƒoɖeamenu kple sisi ene, atrɔ nusi wotsɔ wɔa nusi le sisim ƒe mɔfiame, ama nusi wotsɔ wɔa nu la me alo akpɔ pɔmpiwo kple dɔwɔnuwo ta tso nyaƒoɖeamenu si gbɔ eme me, kple bubuawo.

Valvɔ-nu vovovo geɖewo li, siwo woma ɖe wo nɔewo meagbo ƒe ʋuƒo, globo ƒe ʋuƒo, .check valve, bɔl ƒe ʋuƒo, .kpakpaluʋui ƒe ʋuƒo, plug valvɔ, diaphragm valvɔ, dedienɔnɔ valvɔ, ɖoɖowɔɖi valvɔ (dziɖuɖu valve), throttle valve, nyaƒoɖeamenu dzi ɖeɖe kpɔtɔ valvɔ kple Mɔ̃wo, kple bubuawo; Le nusi wotsɔ wɔe nu la, womae ɖe akɔbli ƒe akɔbli, gayibɔ si wotsɔ ƒu gbe, carbon gakpo, gakpo si wotsɔ ga wɔe, austenitic gakpo, ferritic-austenitic dual-phase gakpo, nickel-si wotu ɖe akɔbli, titanium akɔbli, mɔ̃ɖaŋununya ƒe plastikwo kple anyikpe ƒe ʋuƒo, kple bubuawo me Tsɔ kpe ɖe eŋu la, ʋuƒo tɔxɛwo abe ultra-high pressure valves, vacuum valves, power station valves, valves na pɔmpiwo kple pɔmpiwo, valvɔwo na nuklia dɔwɔƒewo, valvɔwo na meliwo kple cryogenic valvewo. Valvɔ ƒe nɔnɔme vovovowo, ŋkɔ ƒe lolome tso DN1 (unit le mm me) va ɖo DN9750; nyaƒoɖeamenu le ŋkɔ me tso ultra-vacuum si nye 1× 10-10 mmHg (1mmHg = 133.322Pa) va ɖo PN14600 ƒe nyaƒoɖeamenu si lolo ŋutɔ (105 Pa ƒe akpa ɖeka); Dzoxɔxɔ si le dɔwɔwɔ me tso dzoxɔxɔ si bɔbɔ ŋutɔ si nye -269 dzi°Cva ɖo dzoxɔxɔ si kɔkɔ ŋutɔ si nye 1200 dzi°C.

Valve ƒe nuwɔna wozãnɛ geɖe le dukɔa ƒe ganyawo ƒe akpa vovovowo me, abe ami, dzɔdzɔme gas, ami kple gas ŋuti kɔklɔ kple eŋudɔwɔwɔ kple pɔmpiwo ƒe ʋuɖoɖo ƒe ɖoɖowo, atikewo ƒe nuwɔna, atikewo kple nuɖuɖu wɔwɔ ƒe ɖoɖowo, tsiŋusẽ, dzoxɔxɔŋusẽ kple nukliaŋusẽ wɔwɔ ƒe ɖoɖowo; Wozãa valvɔ ƒomevi vovovowo geɖe le dzoxɔxɔ kple elektrikŋusẽnamɔ̃wo, gaŋutiɖoɖowo, tsiɖoɖowo na meliwo, ʋuwo, yameʋuwo kple kamedefefewɔmɔ̃ vovovowo, kple tsidede agbledeƒewo kple tsidzɔƒewo. Tsɔ kpe ɖe eŋu la, le mɔ̃ɖaŋununya yeyewo abe aʋawɔnuwo kple yamenutomeyimɔ̃wo ene gome la, wozãa ʋuƒo vovovo siwo ŋu nɔnɔme tɔxɛwo le hã.

Valve-nuwɔnawoe nye mɔ̃ɖaŋunuwo ƒe akpa gã aɖe. Le duta dukɔ deŋgɔwo ƒe akɔntabubu nu la, valvɔwo ƒe dɔwɔwɔ ƒe asixɔxɔ ade 5% le mɔ̃dɔwɔƒe bliboa ƒe nusiwo wowɔ ƒe asixɔxɔ me. Akɔntabubuwo ɖee fia be nukliaŋusẽdɔwɔƒe si wozãna tsã si me kilowatt miliɔn eve le la ƒe ʋuƒo siwo ade 28,000 ye wozãna ɖekae, eye wo dometɔ siwo ade 12,000 nye nukliaʋawɔʋuwo. Egbegbe amiɖaƒe gã aɖe bia be woatsɔ valvɔ vovovo akpe alafa geɖe, eye zi geɖe la, gadede valvɔwo me nyea 8% va ɖo 10% le gadede dɔwɔnuwo me katã me.

Nɔnɔme gbadzaa si me valvɔ dɔwɔƒe le le China xoxoa me

01 China ƒe valvɔ dɔwɔƒe ƒe dzidziƒe: Shanghai

Le China xoxoa me la, Shanghai ye nye teƒe gbãtɔ si wowɔa valvɔwo le le China. Le ƒe 1902 me la, Pan Shunji Akɔbli Dɔwɔƒe, si le Wuchang Mɔ dzi, Hongkou Nutome, Shanghai, dze tiigoe ƒe pɔmpi suewo wɔwɔ gɔme kple asi. Teapot faucet nye akɔbli koklozi ƒomevi aɖe si wotsɔ ƒu gbe. Enye valvɔwɔƒe gbãtɔ si wonya vaseɖe fifia le China. Le ƒe 1919 me la, Deda (Shengji) Hardware Factory (si do ŋgɔ na Shanghai Transmission Machinery Factory) dze egɔme tso keke sue aɖe dzi eye wòdze akɔbli koklozi siwo ƒe didime le sue, globe valve, agbo ƒe ʋuƒo kple dzodoƒewo wɔwɔ gɔme. Wodze gayibɔ ƒe ʋuƒo wɔwɔ gɔme le ƒe 1926 me, eye woƒe lolome le ŋkɔ me si sɔ gbɔ wue nye NPS6 (le inch me la, NPS1 = DN25.4). Le ɣeyiɣi sia me la, xɔtuɖaŋudɔwɔƒewo abe Wang Yingqiang, Dahua, Lao Demao kple Maoxu hã ʋu be woawɔ valvɔwo. Emegbe la, le pɔmpi ƒe ʋuƒo ƒe didi si le asi me ta la, woʋu xɔtunuwɔƒewo, gayibɔ dɔwɔƒewo, ke (sand foundry) dɔwɔƒewo kple mɔ̃ɖaŋudɔwɔƒewo ƒe hatsotso bubu be woawɔ pɔmpiwo ɖe wo nɔewo yome.

Woɖo valvɔwo wɔwɔ ƒe ƒuƒoƒo aɖe le nuto siwo nye Zhonghongqiao, Waihongqiao, Daming Mɔdodo kple Changzhi Mɔ dzi le Hongkou Nutome, Shanghai. Ɣemaɣi la, atike siwo wodzrana wu le dukɔa me ƒe asi me enye “Sɔ Ta”, “Etɔ̃ 8′′, “Etɔ̃ 9′′, “Gaku eve”, “Ga Seke”, “Koklozi Bɔl” kple “Hɔ̃ Bɔl”. Wozãa akɔbli kple gayibɔ ƒe ʋuƒo siwo ƒe nyaƒoɖeamenu sue aɖe koŋ tsɔ wɔa pɔmpi ƒe ʋuƒo le xɔtuƒewo kple dzadzɛnyenye dɔwɔƒewo, eye wozãa gayibɔ ƒe ʋuƒo sue aɖe hã le avɔ siwo me kɔ ƒe dɔwɔƒewo. Dɔwɔƒe siawo le sue ŋutɔ le woƒe lolome me, mɔ̃ɖaŋununya yi megbe, dɔwɔƒe ƒe dɔwɔnu bɔbɔewo kple valvɔ ƒe dɔwɔwɔ si mebɔ o, gake woawoe nye China ƒe valvɔ dɔwɔƒea ƒe gɔmedzedze. Emegbe esi woɖo Shanghai Xɔtuɖaŋu Habɔbɔa anyi vɔ la, valvɔwɔƒe siawo va ge ɖe habɔbɔa me ɖe wo nɔewo yome eye wova zu tsimɔwo ƒe ƒuƒoƒoa. me tɔ.

02Valv wɔƒe gã eve

Le ƒe 1930 ƒe gɔmedzedze la, Shanghai Shenhe Mɔ̃ɖaŋudɔwɔƒe wɔ gayibɔ ƒe agbonudzɔƒe siwo ƒe nyaƒoɖeamenu sue aɖe le NPS12 te hena tsidɔwo wɔwɔ. Le ƒe 1935 me la, dɔwɔƒea ɖo dɔwɔƒe ɖeka kple Xiangfeng Iron Pipe Factory kple Xiangtai Iron Co., Ltd. ƒe gomenɔlawo be woatu Daxin Iron Factory (si do ŋgɔ na Shanghai Kekedɔwɔƒe), le ƒe 1936 me Wowu enu eye wotsɔe de dɔwɔwɔ me la, dɔwɔla siwo ade 100 kloe le afima, eye wotsɔ zhang 2.6 (zhang 1) tso duta vɛ≈ ƒe xexlẽme3.33m) lathes kple lifting dɔwɔnuwo, vevietɔ wɔwɔ dɔwɔƒewo kple tomenukunuwo ƒe kpeɖeŋutɔ, gayibɔ tsi pɔmpiwo kple gayibɔ valvɔwo, valvɔa ƒe lolome ŋkɔe nye NPS6 ~ NPS18, eye Ate ŋu awɔ ɖoɖo eye wòana valvɔwo ƒe hatsotso blibowo na tsidɔwɔƒewo, eye woɖoa nuawo ɖe Nanjing, Hangzhou kple Beijing. Esi “August 13′′ Japantɔwo ƒe amedzidzelawo xɔ Shanghai le ƒe 1937 me vɔ la, Japantɔwo ƒe tudada gblẽ dɔwɔƒe kple dɔwɔnu siwo le dɔwɔƒea ƒe akpa gãtɔ.Le ƒe si kplɔe ɖo me la, wodzi fiadu ɖe edzi eye wogadze dɔ gɔme ake.NPS14 ~ NPS36 cast iron gate valves, gake le ganyawo ƒe toɖeɖe, asitsatsa kuviawɔwɔ, kple asiɖeɖe le dɔ ŋu le gazazã dzi ɖeɖe kpɔtɔ ta ta la, womete ŋu gaɖo wo ɖokui me o vaseɖe China Yeye ɖoɖo anyi ƒe ŋkeke gbãtɔ dzi.

Le ƒe 1935 me la, gomenɔla atɔ̃ siwo dome Li Chenghai, si nye dukɔa ƒe asitsala hã nɔ, wɔ ɖeka ɖo Shenyang Chengfa Gayibɔ Dɔwɔƒe (si do ŋgɔ na Tieling Valve Dɔwɔƒe) le Shishiwei Mɔ dzi, Nancheng Nutome, Shenyang City. Dzra valvɔwo ɖo eye nàwɔ wo. Le ƒe 1939 me la, woɖe dɔwɔƒea yi Beierma Mɔ dzi, le Tiexi Nutome be woakekee ɖe enu, eye wotu dɔwɔƒe gã eve siwo wotsɔa nu ƒua gbe kple mɔ̃wo. Kaka ƒe 1945 naɖo la, edzi ɖe edzi va ɖo dɔwɔla 400, eye eƒe nu vevitɔwoe nye: dzodoƒe gãwo, akɔbli ƒe ʋuƒo siwo wotsɔ ƒo ƒui, kple gayibɔ ƒe agbo ƒe ʋuƒo siwo le anyigba te siwo ƒe lolome le ŋkɔ me mede DN800 o. Shenyang Chengfa Gayibɔ Dɔwɔƒe nye valvɔwɔƒe si le agbagba dzem be yeatsi agbe le China xoxoa.

03Valva dɔwɔƒe si le megbe

Le Aʋa si Tsi Tre Ðe Japantɔwo Ŋu me la, dɔwɔƒe geɖe siwo nɔ Shanghai kple teƒe bubuwo ʋu yi dzigbeɣetoɖoƒe gome, eyata dɔwɔƒe siwo nɔ Chongqing kple teƒe bubu siwo le megbenutowo me ƒe xexlẽme dzi ɖe edzi ŋutɔ, eye dɔwɔƒea te ŋgɔyiyi. Le ƒe 1943 me la, Chongqing Hongtai Mɔ̃wo Dɔwɔƒe kple Huachang Mɔ̃wo Dɔwɔƒe (dɔwɔƒe eveawo siaa nye esiwo do ŋgɔ na Chongqing Valve Dɔwɔƒe) dze pɔmpiwo ƒe akpa aɖewo kple pɔmpi siwo ƒe nyaƒoɖeamenu suewo dzadzraɖo kple wo wɔwɔ gɔme, si wɔ akpa gã aɖe le aʋawɔɣi ƒe nuwo wɔwɔ le megbe kple dumevi dzrowo ƒe valvɔwo gbɔ kpɔkpɔ me. Le aʋa si tsi tre ɖe Japantɔwo ŋu ƒe aʋadziɖuɖu megbe la, woʋu Lisheng Hardware Factory, Zhenxing Industrial Society, Jinshunhe Hardware Factory kple Qiyi Hardware Factory ɖe wo nɔewo yome be woawɔ valve suewo. Esi woɖo China Yeyea vɔ la, wotsɔ dɔwɔƒe siawo ƒo ƒu zu Chongqing Valve Dɔwɔƒe.

Ɣemaɣi la, ame aɖewovalvɔwo wɔlawole Shanghai hã yi Tianjin, Nanjing kple Wuxi be yeatu dɔwɔƒewo atsɔ adzra valvɔwo ɖo ahawɔ wo. Wokpɔ xɔtunuwɔƒe aɖewo, gayibɔ pɔmpidɔwɔƒewo, mɔ̃ɖaŋudɔwɔƒewo alo melidzeƒe siwo le Beijing, Dalian, Changchun, Harbin, Anshan, Qingdao, Wuhan, Fuzhou kple Guangzhou hã le pɔmpi ƒe ʋuƒo aɖewo dzadzraɖo kple wo wɔwɔ me.